Research Article | Open Access
Volume 2023 - 3 | Article ID 234 | http://dx.doi.org/10.51521/IJFMPH.2023.3110
Academic Editor: John Bose
ONI
OLUWATOSIN IDOWU1,*, AJOMOLE FLORA OLUFUNKE1,
OMONIYI OLATUNJI1, ODESANMI TAYELOLU MARY2, RAJI HABEEBAT
MOTUNRAYO1, OGUNGBEJE AANUOLUWAPO1.
1Neglected Tropical
Diseases, Ondo State Primary Health Care Development Agency, Oke-Eda, Akure.
2Public Health
Department, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
Corresponding
Author: Oluwatosin Idowu Oni, Neglected Tropical
Diseases, Ondo State Primary Health Development Agency, Oke-Eda, Akure.
Citation:
Oni Oluwatosin Idowu, Ajomole Flora Olufunke, Omoniyi Olatunji, Odesanmi
Tayelolu Mary, Raji Habeebat Motunrayo, Ogungbeje Aanuoluwapo. (2023) Efficacy
of Praziquantel and Schistosomiasis Reinfection Rate among School-Aged Children
in Ondo State, Nigeria; How Feasible is the WHO 2030 Elimination Roadmap?. Int
J Fam Med Pub Health, 3(1);1.-5.
Copyrights:
© 2023, Oni Oluwatosin Idowu, et al., This is an open-access article
distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and
reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are
credited.
Abstract:
Background: Schistosomiasis, caused by
blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma that depend on snail intermediate hosts
for their life cycle, is a neglected tropical parasitic disease of great public
health and socioeconomic significance. Most studies on Schistosomiasis are only
prevalence data and not purposefully conducted for interventional programmes.
There is a need to access the possible intervention impact as the Nation moves
towards the elimination of Schistosomiasis. This study was designed to assess
the prevalence and efficacy of PZQ and post-treatment reinfection among SAC and
adolescent population in an endemic Community (Ayadi, Irele Local Government
Area, Ondo State, Nigeria). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted
among 140 School Aged Children (SAC) and adolescents at Ayadi, Irele 3 Local
Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. Results: The prevalence of
Schistosomiasis at baseline was 65% which dropped to 12.01% following 4 weeks’
post-treatment and unfortunately out of the participants that tested positive
at baseline and negative at 4 weeks post-treatment with PZQ, 13.75% of them
already got infected 6 months post PZQ single use. A significant Egg Reduction
Rate (86.49%) and Cure Rate (87.91%) were obtained in this study. Conclusion:
Treatment with a single dose of 40 mg/kg of PZQ produced a significant result
against Schistosomiasis. However, there was a high reinfection rate due to the
lack of safe water.
Recommendations:
The Schistosomiasis elimination program should be redesigned
to accommodate double dose treatment with PZQ and also ensure treatment across
all endemic wards without having to sectionalize treatment across moderately
and lowly endemic wards.
Keywords:
Schistosomiasis, Praziquantel, Prevalence, Cure rate, Egg Reduction Rate,
Reinfection Rate.
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