Patrick Olarenwaju Osho1, Oluwatosin Idowu Oni2, Oluwatobiloba Elizabeth Adejumo3, Medunoye Elihu Iyinolorun4, Micheal Gbala5

 1Department of Hematology, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo state, Nigeria.

2Ondo State Pry Health Care Development Agency, Akure Ondo State, Nigeria

3Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria

4Department of Family medicine, University of Medical Science Teaching Hospital, Ondo state

5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medical Science Teaching Hospital, Ondo state

Corresponding Author: P.O. Osho, Department of Hematology, University of medical sciences, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Tel: +2348034970314; Email: droshopo@unimed.edu.ng or droshopo@gmail.com

Citation: Patrick Olarenwaju Osho, Oluwatosin Idowu Oni, Oluwatobiloba Elizabeth Adejumo, Medunoye Elihu Iyinolorun, Micheal Gbala (2023) Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura in South-West Nigeria. Int J Med Healthcare Rep, 2(1);1-5.

Copyright: © 2023, P.O. Osho. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

ABSTRACT

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia Purpura is a rare hematological disease especially among indigenous black Africans and black Americans. It is a disease that occurs both in adults and in children.

Aim: This study aims to describe the epidemiology and clinical features of Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) in a low income community in Ondo State South West Nigeria.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed using the case notes of patients with a diagnosis of Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura from all cases of hematological conditions diagnosed and managed between 2012-2020 at University of medical sciences teaching hospital, Ondo state. The clinical and laboratory findings were extracted from the case records. SPSS-25 was used for statistical calculations.

Results: The hospital incidence rate was 16.52%, with a total of 19 cases of Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura managed during the period of review. There were 8 males and 11 females with the highest prevalent age range being 15-30 years. Nineteen (100%) patients presented with anaemia, twelve (63.2%) patients presented with fever and 7(36.8%) presented with mucosal bleeds(epistaxis). None of the patients had severe thrombocytopenia, although 11(57.89%) patients had grade 4 thrombocytopenia.

Conclusion: The study showed that ITP has a female predominance and a relatively high prevalence (16.52%) due to the low number of hematological cases. This study has sensitized us on the need to be more suspicious of ITP and facilitate inter departmental collaboration among Specialists. This will enhance the generation of adequate data on the disease especially in a low income community.

KEYWORDS: Immune Thrombocytopenia, Purpura, Epidemiology, Prevalence.